TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
PART I - CRIMES
CHAPTER 47 - FRAUD AND FALSE STATEMENTS
HEAD
Sec. 1001. Statements or entries generally
STATUTE
(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, whoever, in any
matter within the jurisdiction of the executive, legislative, or
judicial branch of the Government of the United States, knowingly
and willfully -
(1) falsifies, conceals, or covers up by any trick, scheme, or
device a material fact;
(2) makes any materially false, fictitious, or fraudulent
statement or representation; or
(3) makes or uses any false writing or document knowing the
same to contain any materially false, fictitious, or fraudulent
statement or entry;
shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 5 years
or, if the offense involves international or domestic terrorism (as
defined in section 2331), imprisoned not more than 8 years, or
both. If the matter relates to an offense under chapter 109A, 109B,
110, or 117, or section 1591, then the term of imprisonment imposed
under this section shall be not more than 8 years.
(b) Subsection (a) does not apply to a party to a judicial
proceeding, or that party's counsel, for statements,
representations, writings or documents submitted by such party or
counsel to a judge or magistrate in that proceeding.
(c) With respect to any matter within the jurisdiction of the
legislative branch, subsection (a) shall apply only to -
(1) administrative matters, including a claim for payment, a
matter related to the procurement of property or services,
personnel or employment practices, or support services, or a
document required by law, rule, or regulation to be submitted to
the Congress or any office or officer within the legislative
branch; or
(2) any investigation or review, conducted pursuant to the
authority of any committee, subcommittee, commission or office of
the Congress, consistent with applicable rules of the House or
Senate.
SOURCE
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 749; Pub. L. 103-322, title
XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(L), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147; Pub. L.
104-292, Sec. 2, Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3459; Pub. L. 108-458,
title VI, Sec. 6703(a), Dec. 17, 2004, 118 Stat. 3766; Pub. L. 109-
248, title I, Sec. 141(c), July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 603.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Sec. 80 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch.
321, Sec. 35, 35 Stat. 1095; Oct. 23, 1918, ch. 194, 40 Stat. 1015;
June 18, 1934, ch. 587, 48 Stat. 996; Apr. 4, 1938, ch. 69, 52
Stat. 197).
Section 80 of title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., was divided into two
parts.
The provision relating to false claims was incorporated in
section 287 of this title.
Reference to persons causing or procuring was omitted as
unnecessary in view of definition of "principal" in section 2 of
this title.
Words "or any corporation in which the United States of America
is a stockholder" in said section 80 were omitted as unnecessary in
view of definition of "agency" in section 6 of this title.
In addition to minor changes of phraseology, the maximum term of
imprisonment was changed from 10 to 5 years to be consistent with
comparable sections. (See reviser's note under section 287 of this
title.)
AMENDMENTS
2006 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109-248 inserted last sentence in
concluding provisions.
2004 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108-458 substituted "be fined under
this title, imprisoned not more than 5 years or, if the offense
involves international or domestic terrorism (as defined in section
2331), imprisoned not more than 8 years, or both" for "be fined
under this title or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both" in
concluding provisions.
1996 - Pub. L. 104-292 reenacted section catchline without change
and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as
follows: "Whoever, in any matter within the jurisdiction of any
department or agency of the United States knowingly and willfully
falsifies, conceals or covers up by any trick, scheme, or device a
material fact, or makes any false, fictitious or fraudulent
statements or representations, or makes or uses any false writing
or document knowing the same to contain any false, fictitious or
fraudulent statement or entry, shall be fined under this title or
imprisoned not more than five years, or both."
1994 - Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this title" for
"fined not more than $10,000".
CHANGE OF NAME
Reference to United States magistrate or to magistrate deemed to
refer to United States magistrate judge pursuant to section 321 of
Pub. L. 101-650, set out as a note under section 631 of Title 28,
Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
MISCELLANEOUS
SHORT TITLE OF 2004 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 108-275, Sec. 1, July 15, 2004, 118 Stat. 831, provided
that: "This Act [enacting section 1028A of this title, amending
sections 641 and 1028 of this title, and enacting provisions listed
in a table relating to sentencing guidelines set out as a note
under section 994 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure]
may be cited as the 'Identity Theft Penalty Enhancement Act'."
SHORT TITLE OF 2003 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 108-21, title VI, Sec. 607(a), Apr. 30, 2003, 117 Stat.
689, provided that: "This section [amending section 1028 of this
title] may be cited as the 'Secure Authentication Feature and
Enhanced Identification Defense Act of 2003' or 'SAFE ID Act'."
SHORT TITLE OF 2000 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 106-578, Sec. 1, Dec. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 3075, provided
that: "This Act [amending section 1028 of this title, repealing
section 1738 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as
notes under section 1028 of this title] may be cited as the
'Internet False Identification Prevention Act of 2000'."
SHORT TITLE OF 1998 AMENDMENTS
Pub. L. 105-318, Sec. 1, Oct. 30, 1998, 112 Stat. 3007, provided
that: "This Act [amending sections 982, 1028, and 2516 of this
title and section 105 of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978, Pub.
L. 95-521, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government
Organization and Employees, and enacting provisions set out as
notes under section 1028 of this title and section 994 of Title 28,
Judiciary and Judicial Procedure] may be cited as the 'Identity
Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act of 1998'."
Pub. L. 105-172, Sec. 1, Apr. 24, 1998, 112 Stat. 53, provided
that: "This Act [amending section 1029 of this title and enacting
provisions set out as a note under section 994 of Title 28,
Judiciary and Judicial Procedure] may be cited as the 'Wireless
Telephone Protection Act'."
SHORT TITLE OF 1996 AMENDMENT
Section 1 of Pub. L. 104-292 provided that: "This Act [amending
this section, sections 1515 and 6005 of this title, and section
1365 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure] may be cited as
the 'False Statements Accountability Act of 1996'."
SHORT TITLE OF 1994 AMENDMENT
Section 290001(a) of Pub. L. 103-322, as amended by Pub. L. 104-
294, title VI, Sec. 604(b)(34), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3508,
provided that: "This section [amending section 1030 of this title]
may be cited as the 'Computer Abuse Amendments Act of 1994'."
SHORT TITLE OF 1990 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 101-647, title XXV, Sec. 2500, Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat.
4859, provided that: "This title [see Tables for classification]
may be cited as the 'Comprehensive Thrift and Bank Fraud
Prosecution and Taxpayer Recovery Act of 1990'."
SHORT TITLE OF 1989 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 101-123, Sec. 1, Oct. 23, 1989, 103 Stat. 759, provided
that: "This Act [amending section 1031 of this title, repealing
section 293 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes
under sections 293 and 1031 of this title, and repealing provisions
set out as a note under section 293 of this title] may be cited as
the 'Major Fraud Act Amendments of 1989'."
SHORT TITLE OF 1988 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 100-700, Sec. 1, Nov. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 4631, provided
that: "This Act [enacting sections 293 and 1031 of this title and
section 256 of Title 41, Public Contracts, amending section 2324 of
Title 10, Armed Forces, and section 3730 of Title 31, Money and
Finance, enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 293
and 1031 of this title, section 2324 of Title 10, and section 522
of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, and repealing
provisions set out as a note under section 2324 of Title 10] may be
cited as the 'Major Fraud Act of 1988'."
SHORT TITLE OF 1986 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 99-474, Sec. 1, Oct. 16, 1986, 100 Stat. 1213, provided
that: "This Act [amending section 1030 of this title] may be cited
as the 'Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986'."
SHORT TITLE OF 1984 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 98-473, title II, Sec. 1601, Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat.
2183, provided that: "This chapter [chapter XVI (Secs. 1601-1603)
of title II of Pub. L. 98-473, enacting section 1029 of this title
and provisions set out as a note under section 1029 of this title]
may be cited as the 'Credit Card Fraud Act of 1984'."
Pub. L. 98-473, title II, Sec. 2101, Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat.
2190, provided that: "This chapter [chapter XXI (Secs. 2101-2103)
of title II of Pub. L. 98-473, enacting section 1030 of this title
and provisions set out as a note under section 1030 of this title]
may be cited as the 'Counterfeit Access Device and Computer Fraud
and Abuse Act of 1984'."
SHORT TITLE OF 1982 AMENDMENT
Section 1 of Pub. L. 97-398 provided: "That this Act [enacting
sections 1028 and 1738 of this title and amending section 3001 of
Title 39, Postal Service] may be cited as the 'False Identification
Crime Control Act of 1982'."
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