Judge Scott Thomsen

FY 2017 - 2022, New York Immigration Court

Published Oct 26, 2022

Attorney General William P. Barr appointed Scott E. Thomsen as an immigration judge in March2020. Judge Thomsen earned a Bachelor of Science in 1988 and a Juris Doctor in 1991 fromBrigham Young University. From 1995 to 2020, he served as the associate circuit judge forBollinger County, Missouri. From 1992 to 1994, he was an assistant public defender for the 32ndand 33rd Judicial Circuits of Missouri, in Jackson. Judge Thomsen is a member of the MissouriState Bar, Nevada State Bar, and Utah State Bar.

Deciding Asylum Cases

Detailed data on decisions by Judge Thomsen were examined for the period covering fiscal years 2017 through 2022. During this period, court records show that Judge Thomsen decided 237 asylum claims on their merits. Of these, he granted asylum for 192, granted 2 other types of relief, and denied relief to 43. Converted to percentage terms, Thomsen denied 18.1 percent and granted 81.8 percent of asylum cases (including forms of relief other than asylum).

Figure 1 provides a comparison of Judge Thomsen's denial rate each fiscal year over this recent period. (Rates for years with less than 25 decisions are not shown.)

Nationwide Comparisons

Compared to Judge Thomsen's denial rate of 18.1 percent, Immigration Court judges across the country denied 63.8 percent of asylum claims during this same period. Judges at the New York Immigration Court where Judge Thomsen decided these cases denied asylum 34 percent of the time. See Figure 2.

Judge Thomsen's asylum grant and denial rates are compared with other judges serving on the same court in this table. Note that when an Immigration Judge serves on more than one court during the same period, separate Immigration Judge reports are created for any Court in which the judge rendered at least 100 asylum decisions.

Why Do Denial Rates Vary Among Judges?

Although denial rates are shaped by each Judge's judicial philosophy, denial rates are also shaped by other factors, such as the types of cases on the Judge's docket, the detained status of immigrant respondents, current immigration policies, and other factors beyond an individual Judge's control. For example, TRAC has previously found that legal representation and the nationality of the asylum seeker are just two factors that appear to impact asylum decision outcomes.

The composition of cases may differ significantly between Immigration Courts in the country. Within a single Court when cases are randomly assigned to judges sitting on that Court, each Judge should have roughly a similar composition of cases given a sufficient number of asylum cases. Then variations in asylum decisions among Judges on the same Immigration Court would appear to reflect, at least in part, the judicial philosophy that the Judge brings to the bench. However, if judges within a Court are assigned to specialized dockets or hearing locations, then case compositions are likely to continue to differ and can contribute to differences in asylum denial rates.

Representation

When asylum seekers are not represented by an attorney, almost all of them (83%) are denied asylum. In contrast, a significantly higher proportion of represented asylum seekers are successful. In the case of Judge Thomsen, 1.3% were not represented by an attorney. See Figure 3. For the nation as a whole, about 16.7% of asylum seekers are not represented.

Nationality

Asylum seekers are a diverse group. Over one hundred different nationalities had at least one hundred individuals claiming asylum decided during this period. As might be expected, immigration courts located in different parts of the country tend to have proportionately larger shares from some countries than from others. And, given the required legal grounds for a successful asylum claim, asylum seekers from some nations tend to be more successful than others.

The largest group of asylum seekers appearing before Judge Thomsen came from China. Individuals from this country made up 35.9% of his caseload. Other nationalities in descending order of frequency appearing before Judge Thomsen were: India (13.9%), El Salvador (6.8%), Bangladesh (6.3%), Honduras (5.5%). See Figure 4.

In the nation as a whole during this same period, major nationalities of asylum seekers, in descending order of frequency, were El Salvador (18.2%), Guatemala (16.0%), Honduras (14.6%), Mexico (10.5%), China (7.5%), India (4.5%), Cuba (2.5%), Venezuela (2.1%), Ecuador (2.1%), Nicaragua (1.9%), Haiti (1.7%), Cameroon (1.5%), Nepal (1.2%).