Percent Change from 5 years ago (Including Magistrate Court)
25.7
Percent Change from 5 years ago (Excluding Magistrate Court)
25.6
Table 1. Criminal Convictions
The latest available data from the Justice Department show that during December 2023 the government reported 866 new convictions for these matters. Those cases were referred by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
According to the case-by-case information analyzed by the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (TRAC), this number is up 4.6 percent over the previous month.
The comparisons of the number of defendants convicted are based on case-by-case information obtained by TRAC under the Freedom of Information Act from the Executive Office for United States Attorneys (see Table 1).
When monthly 2023 convictions of this type are compared with those of the same period in
the previous year, the number of convictions was up (26.5%).
Convictions over the past year are still much higher than they were five years ago.
Overall, the data show that convictions of this type are up 25.7 percent from levels reported in 2018.
Figure 1. Monthly Trends in Convictions
The increase from the levels five years ago in convictions for these matters is shown more clearly in Figure 1.
The vertical bars in Figure 1
represent the number of convictions of this type recorded on a month-to-month
basis. Where a prosecution was initially filed in U.S. Magistrate Court and then transferred to the U.S. District Court,
the magistrate filing date was used since this provides an earlier indicator of actual trends.
The superimposed line on the bars plots the six-month moving average so
that natural fluctuations are smoothed out. The one and five-year rates of change in Table 1 and in the sections that follow are all based upon this six-month moving average. To view trends year-by-year rather than month-by-month, see TRAC's annual report series for a broader picture.
Cases were classified by prosecutors into more specific types.
The largest number of convictions of these matters in December 2023 was for "Drugs-Drug Trafficking", accounting for 14.2 percent of convictions. Convictions were also filed for "Drugs-Organized Crime Task Force" (12.8%), "Weapons-Operation Triggerlock Major" (12.2%), "Project Safe Childhood" (11.9%), "Withheld by Govt from TRAC (FOIA challen" (8.5%), "Violence-Indian Country" (6.6%), "Violence-Other" (5.5%), "Bank Robbery" (4.4%), "Fraud-Other" (3.7%), "Other Criminal Prosecutions" (2.8%).
See Figure 2.
Figure 2. Specific Types of Convictions
Convictions in U.S. Magistrate Courts
Top Ranked Lead Charges
In December 2023, no defendants in cases for these matters were convicted in U.S. Magistrate Courts.
These courts handle less serious
misdemeanor cases, including what are called "petty offenses." In
addition, complaints are sometimes filed in the magistrate courts before
an indictment or information is entered. In these cases, the matter
starts in the magistrate courts and later moves to the district court
where subsequent proceedings take place.
Convictions in U.S. District Courts
In December 2023, 864 defendants in new cases
for these matters were charged in the U.S. District Courts. In addition during December there
were an additional 0 defendants whose cases moved from the magistrate
courts to the U.S. district courts after an indictment or information
was filed. The sections which follow cover both sets of cases and
therefore cover all matters filed in district court during December.
Top Ranked Lead Charges
Table 2 shows the top lead charges recorded in the convictions of matters
filed in U.S. District Court during December 2023 referred by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
Lead Charge
Count
Rank
1yr ago
5yrs ago
21 USC 841 - Drug Abuse Prevention & Control-Prohibited acts A
"Drug Abuse Prevention & Control-Prohibited acts A" (Title 21 U.S.C Section 841) was the most frequent recorded lead charge.
"Drug Abuse Prevention & Control-Prohibited acts A" (Title 21 U.S.C Section 841) was ranked 1 a year ago, while it was ranked 2 five years ago.
Ranked 2nd in frequency was the lead charge "Firearms; Unlawful acts" under Title 18 U.S.C Section 922.
"Firearms; Unlawful acts" under Title 18 U.S.C Section 922 was ranked 2 a year ago, while it was ranked 4 five years ago.
Ranked 3rd was "Attempt and conspiracy" under Title 21 U.S.C Section 846.
"Attempt and conspiracy" under Title 21 U.S.C Section 846 was ranked 3 a year ago, while it was ranked 1 five years ago.
Among these top ten lead charges, the one showing the greatest
increase in convictions — up 88.5 percent — compared to one year ago was Title 21 U.S.C Section 846
that involves " Attempt and conspiracy ".
Compared to five years ago, the largest increase — 89.7 percent — was registered for
convictions under "Other US Code Section " (Title U.S.C Section ).
Again among the top ten lead charges, the one showing the sharpest
decline in convictions compared to one year ago — down 3.8 percent — was
" Firearms; Unlawful acts " (Title 18 U.S.C Section 922 ).
Compared to five years ago, the most significant decline in convictions — 39.1 percent — was
for convictions where the lead charge was " Bank robbery and incidental crimes " (Title 18 U.S.C Section 2113 ).
Top Ranked Judicial Districts
In December 2023 the Justice Department's case-by-case records show that the government obtained 311.1 convictions for every ten million people in the United States.
Understandably, there is great variation in the per capita number of convictions in each of the nation's ninety-four federal judicial districts.
The districts registering the
largest number of convictions per capita for these matters last month are shown in Table 3.
Districts must have at least 5 convictions to receive a ranking.
Table 3. Top 10 Districts (per ten million people)
The Eastern District of Oklahoma (Muskogee) — with 2273 convictions as compared with 311.1 convictions per ten million population in the United States — was the most active during December 2023.
The Eastern District of Louisiana (New Orleans) ranked 2nd.
District of South Dakota is now ranking 3rd.
Recent entrants to the top 10 list were
Washington, D.C. (Washington), now ranked
4th
, and Northern District of Oklahoma (Tulsa)
at 7th
In the same order, these districts ranked 11th and 14th one year ago and 49th and 74th five years ago.
The federal judicial district which showed the greatest growth
in the rate of convictions compared to one year ago — 148.1 percent — was
Washington, D.C. (Washington).
Compared to five years ago, the district with the largest growth — 2266.7 percent — was
Eastern District of Oklahoma (Muskogee).
In the last year, the judicial District Court recording the
largest drop in the rate of convictions — 12 percent — was
New Mexico .
But over the past five years,
showed the largest drop — percent.
Top Ranked District Judges
At any one time, there are about 680 federal District Court judges working in the United States. The judges recorded with the largest number of new crime cases resulting in convictions of this type during December 2023 are shown in Table 4.
A total of 3 out of the "top ten" judges were in districts which were in the top ten with the largest number of convictions per capita, while the remaining 8 judges were from other districts. (Because of ties, there were a total of 11 judges in the "top ten" rankings.)
Judge Aida M. Delgado-Colon in the District of Puerto Rico ranked 1st with 20 convicted in convictions.
Judges David L. Bunning in the Eastern District of Kentucky (Lexington) and Ronald A. White in the Eastern District of Oklahoma (Muskogee) ranked 2nd with 11 convicted in convictions.