Narcotics/Drugs Prosecutions for August 2024
The latest available data from the Justice Department show that during August 2024 the government reported 1068 new narcotics/drugs prosecutions. According to the case-by-case information analyzed by the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (TRAC), this number is up 0.8 percent over the previous month.
The comparisons of the number of defendants charged with narcotics/drugs-related offenses are based on case-by-case information obtained by TRAC under the Freedom of Information Act from the Executive Office for United States Attorneys (see Table 1).
When monthly 2024 prosecutions of this type are compared with those of the same period in the previous year, the number of filings was down (-11.1%). Prosecutions over the past year are still much lower than they were five years ago. Overall, the data show that prosecutions of this type are down 36.8 percent from levels reported in 2019.
Figure 1. Monthly Trends in Narcotics/Drugs Prosecutions
The decrease from the levels five years ago in narcotics/drugs prosecutions for these matters is shown more clearly in Figure 1. The vertical bars in Figure 1 represent the number of narcotics/drugs prosecutions of this type recorded on a month-to-month basis. Where a prosecution was initially filed in U.S. Magistrate Court and then transferred to the U.S. District Court, the magistrate filing date was used since this provides an earlier indicator of actual trends. The superimposed line on the bars plots the six-month moving average so that natural fluctuations are smoothed out. The one and five-year rates of change in Table 1 and in the sections that follow are all based upon this six-month moving average. To view trends year-by-year rather than month-by-month, see TRAC's annual report series for a broader picture.
Within the broad category of narcotics/drugs, cases were classified by prosecutors into more specific types.
Case types within narcotics/drugs are
Drug Trafficking
Simple Drug Possession
Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force (OCDETF)
Major Project Triggerlock Prosecutions (OCDETF)
Other Triggerlock Prosecutions (OCDETF)
The largest number of prosecutions of these matters in August 2024 was for "Drugs-Drug Trafficking", accounting for 74.3 percent of prosecutions. Prosecutions were also filed for "Drugs-Organized Crime Task Force" (25.5%). See Figure 2.
The lead investigative agency for narcotics/drugs prosecutions in August 2024 was DEA accounting for 39 percent of prosecutions referred. Other agencies with substantial numbers of narcotics/drugs referrals were: DHS (23% ), FBI (20%), ATF (10%), Local (4%). See Figure 3.
Narcotics/Drugs Prosecutions in U.S. Magistrate Courts
Top Ranked Lead Charges
In August 2024, 272 defendants in narcotics/drugs cases for these matters were filed in U.S. Magistrate Courts. These courts handle less serious misdemeanor cases, including what are called "petty offenses." In addition, complaints are sometimes filed in the magistrate courts before an indictment or information is entered. In these cases, the matter starts in the magistrate courts and later moves to the district court where subsequent proceedings take place.
In the magistrate courts in August the most frequently cited lead charge was Title 21 U.S.C Section 841 involving "Drug Abuse Prevention & Control-Prohibited acts A". This was the lead charge for 57.7 percent of all magistrate filings in August.
Other frequently prosecuted lead charges include: "21 USC 952 - Importation of controlled substances" (19.1%), "21 USC 846 - Attempt and conspiracy" (18.4%).
Narcotics/Drugs Prosecutions in U.S. District Courts
In August 2024, 796 defendants in new cases for these matters were charged in the U.S. District Courts. In addition during August there were an additional 268 defendants whose cases moved from the magistrate courts to the U.S. district courts after an indictment or information was filed. The sections which follow cover both sets of cases and therefore cover all matters filed in district court during August.
Top Ranked Lead Charges
Table 2 shows the top lead charges recorded in the prosecutions of narcotics/drugs matters filed in U.S. District Court during August 2024.
Lead Charge Count Rank 1yr ago 5yrs ago 21 USC 841 - Drug Abuse Prevention & Control-Prohibited acts A 604 1 1 1 More 21 USC 846 - Attempt and conspiracy 261 2 2 2 More 21 USC 952 - Importation of controlled substances 79 3 3 3 More 18 USC 922 - Firearms; Unlawful acts 12 5 5 5 More 46 USC 70506 - Penalties 10 6 7 8 More 21 USC 963 - Attempt and conspiracy 8 7 8 7 More 18 USC 1956 - Laundering of monetary instruments 7 8 9 14 More 46 USC 70503 - Possession control substance on vessel subject to jurisdiction of US 7 8 6 6 More 18 USC 1791 - Providing or possessing contraband in prison 6 10 13 15 More Table 2. Top Charges Filed
"Drug Abuse Prevention & Control-Prohibited acts A" (Title 21 U.S.C Section 841) was the most frequent recorded lead charge. "Drug Abuse Prevention & Control-Prohibited acts A" (Title 21 U.S.C Section 841) was ranked 1 a year ago, while it was ranked 1 five years ago.
Ranked 2nd in frequency was the lead charge "Attempt and conspiracy" under Title 21 U.S.C Section 846. "Attempt and conspiracy" under Title 21 U.S.C Section 846 was ranked 2 a year ago, while it was ranked 2 five years ago.
Ranked 3rd was "Importation of controlled substances" under Title 21 U.S.C Section 952. "Importation of controlled substances" under Title 21 U.S.C Section 952 was ranked 3 a year ago, while it was ranked 3 five years ago.
Among these top ten lead charges, the one showing the greatest increase in prosecutions — up 32 percent — compared to one year ago was Title 18 U.S.C Section 1791 that involves " Providing or possessing contraband in prison ". Compared to five years ago, the largest increase — 66.7 percent — was registered for prosecutions under " Laundering of monetary instruments " (Title 18 U.S.C Section 1956 ).
Again among the top ten lead charges, the one showing the sharpest decline in prosecutions compared to one year ago — down 35.2 percent — was " Attempt and conspiracy " (Title 21 U.S.C Section 963 ). Compared to five years ago, the most significant decline in prosecutions — 50.2 percent — was for filings where the lead charge was " Importation of controlled substances " (Title 21 U.S.C Section 952 ).
Top Ranked Judicial Districts
In August 2024 the Justice Department's case-by-case records show that the government brought 383.1 narcotics/drugs prosecutions for every ten million people in the United States.
Understandably, there is great variation in the per capita number of narcotics/drugs prosecutions that are filed in each of the nation's ninety-four federal judicial districts.
The districts registering the largest number of prosecutions per capita for these matters last month are shown in Table 3. Districts must have at least 5 narcotics/drugs prosecutions to receive a ranking.
Judicial District Percapita Count Rank 1yr ago 5yrs ago Cal, S 2,952 85 1 1 1 More Ark, E 2,636 36 2 22 40 More Tenn, W 1,697 22 3 54 18 More Mo, E 1,647 40 4 12 12 More W Virg, N 1,558 12 5 23 23 More Vermont 1,484 8 6 77 60 More W Virg, S 1,410 10 7 50 60 More Montana 1,282 12 8 16 47 More Texas, N 1,146 73 9 3 4 More Iowa, N 901 10 10 66 70 More Table 3. Top 10 Districts (per ten million people)
The Southern District of California (San Diego) — with 2952 prosecutions as compared with 383.1 prosecutions per ten million population in the United States — was the most active during August 2024. The Southern District of California (San Diego) was ranked 1 a year ago, while it was ranked 1 for most frequent use five years ago.
The Eastern District of Arkansas (Little Rock) ranked 2nd.
Western District of Tennessee (Memphis) is now ranking 3rd.
Recent entrants to the top 10 list were Eastern District of Missouri (St. Louis), now ranked 4th , and Montana at 8th In the same order, these districts ranked 12th and 16th one year ago and 12th and 47th five years ago.
The federal judicial district which showed the greatest growth in the rate of narcotics/drugs prosecutions compared to one year ago — 44.4 percent — was Vermont . Compared to five years ago, the district with the largest growth — 28.9 percent — was Eastern District of Arkansas (Little Rock).
In the last year, the judicial District Court recording the largest drop in the rate of narcotics/drugs prosecutions — 33.6 percent — was Montana . But over the past five years, Western District of Tennessee (Memphis) showed the largest drop — 48.6 percent.
Top Ranked District Judges
At any one time, there are about 680 federal District Court judges working in the United States. The judges recorded with the largest number of new narcotics/drugs crime cases of this type during August 2024 are shown in Table 4.
Judge Count Rank 1yr ago 5yrs ago Miller, Brian Stacy Ark, E 29 1 60 281 More O'Connor, Reed Charles Texas, N 26 2 3 43 More Young, Roderick C. Virg, E 19 3 512 - More Delgado Hernandez, Pedro Alberto Puer Rico 18 4 1 22 More Limbaugh, Stephen Nathaniel, Jr. Mo, E 15 5 19 76 More Delgado-Colon, Aida M. Puer Rico 14 6 94 136 More Scholer, Karen Gren Texas, N 14 6 177 309 More Jung, William Frederic Fla, M 13 8 74 101 More Counts, Walter David, III Texas, W 13 8 13 1 More Bashant, Cynthia Ann Cal, S 12 10 16 8 More Table 4. Top Ten Judges
A total of 5 out of the "top ten" judges were in districts which were in the top ten with the largest number of narcotics/drugs filings per capita, while the remaining 5 judges were from other districts.
Judge Brian Stacy Miller in the Eastern District of Arkansas (Little Rock) ranked 1st with 29 defendants in narcotics/drugs cases.
Judge Reed Charles O'Connor in the Northern District of Texas (Fort Worth) ranked 2nd with 26 defendants in narcotics/drugs cases. Judge O'Connor also appeared in the top ten rankings one year ago (ranked 3).
Judge Roderick C. Young in the Eastern District of Virginia (Alexandria) ranked 3rd with 19 defendants in narcotics/drugs cases.
Report Generated: September 30, 2024
