Putting TRAC to Work
  Legal and Scholarly
Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law and Kathryn O. Greenberg Immigration Justice Clinic
August 2024

Held Incommunicado
By Marc Cardona, Keisy Germosen, Kayla He, Liliana Martinez, Stacy Moses, Lindsay Nash, S. Ellie Norton, and Anais Rosenblatt


Immigration detention is a staggering modern phenomenon, with the United States detaining more noncitizens in connection with civil removal cases than any other country in the world. Indeed, in FY2023, ICE detained a daily average of nearly 30,000 people from all over the world in a vast patchwork of 150 detention centers across the nation. That number has only grown in 2024. The importance of providing language access to people with limited English proficiency (LEP) is well recognized in U.S. law. It is particularly critical for LEP individuals in immigration detention. In this context, the ability to communicate is essential to meaningfully access basic necessities such as medical and mental health care. And because there is no general right to government-appointed representation and only a small proportion of detained noncitizens are represented by counsel in their removal cases.....[Citing TRAC data and reports].


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