Putting TRAC to Work
  Legal and Scholarly
The Russell Sage Foundation
April 24, 2023

Request for Articles - The Deportation System and Its Aftermath
By Caitlin Patler, University of California Davis and Brad Jones, University of California, Davis


The United States is unique in the size and scope of its deportation system. Between 2003 and 2020, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) carried out over five million deportations (Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse 2021). Most deported people have limited to no criminal history: As of 2019, 64% of detained people had no criminal record and fewer than 11% had been convicted of violent infractions (Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse 2019, Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse 2020.........[Citing TRAC data and reports].


Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse, Syracuse University
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