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The current study is comprised of an examination of all case announcements of federal criminal cases involving cybercrime that occurred in 2019. These announcements are archived on the website of the U.S. Department of Justice (www.justice.gov). The year 2020 was not considered, given the COVID crisis, which exploded early that year and temporarily closed many courts (see Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse, 2020). The cases selected for this analysis were included because they met a burden of proof (probable cause for arrest or indictment, and proof beyond reasonable doubt for conviction). As a result, all the cases in this sample reveal convictions or formally charged criminal conduct involving cybercrimes, avoiding opinion or speculation about whether the offense was actually criminal in nature.
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