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This article will discuss data from Leyro’s (2017) New York City-based study of the impact that the vulnerability to deportation has on noncitizen
immigrants. New York City is relatively “immigrant friendly,” with programs aimed at easier integration and providing a sense of belonging, such as the Municipal ID program, which gives every New York City resident photo identification, regardless of status (NYC Local Law 35). Yet
national policy combined with local enforcement efforts paint a very different portrait of New
York City. For example, in 2009, 23% of immigrants who exited New York City did so via removal by the Department of Homeland Security (NYC Department of City Planning, 2013). In addition, according to the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (TRAC) compiled by Syracuse University 2013), New York City ranked sixth highest in the nation in 2012 for the number of persons entering ICE custody......[Citing TRAC research].
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