Detainees Leaving ICE Detention from the
Laredo Processing Center
Laredo, Texas
Detainees Deported or Released Number last 12 months 2,487 Out of total detained 8,649 Facility ranking on detainees top 9 %
Table 1: Number leaving ICE detention
from this facilityDuring the most recent 12 month period for which data are available, a total of 2,487 detainees housed at the Laredo Processing Center left that facility because they were deported, were released under supervision while their cases were being decided, or left ICE detention for one of a variety of other reasons. The use of this facility for the temporary housing of federal immigration detainees was arranged under a contract with Corrections Corporation of America that was in the business of providing detention services for housing federal detainees.
Those individuals who departed from this facility because they were leaving ICE detention made up 29 percent of the 8,649 detainees housed at this facility during the last 12 months. This report focuses on the reasons these individuals left ICE detention. Sometimes this report speaks of these individuals as those "exiting" ICE detention, or simply as "exits." The others remained in ICE detention but were transferred from the Laredo Processing Center to other facilities.
This report covers those who left ICE custody. It excludes individuals transferred to other ICE facilities. For more information on this facility, including individuals that were transferred, see additional TRAC reports in this series.
This report series is based upon analyses conducted by the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (TRAC) at Syracuse University of 1.7 million government records tracking each individual who passed through an ICE detention facility during fiscal year 2015. This most recent 12 month period for which comprehensive data are available covers October 2014 through September 2015. See About the Data.
How This Facility Ranks Nationally
Rankings on the number leaving ICE detention. The Laredo Processing Center was one of 637 facilities nationwide that housed ICE detainees during the most recent 12 month period. Of these 637, there were 358 that had at least 10 individuals who were deported or released. Excluding those facilities with fewer than 10 exits, the Laredo Processing Center last year ranked in the top 9 percent nationwide in the number of individuals leaving ICE detention. This means that 9 percent of the locations contributed the same or a larger numbers of exits, while 91 percent had a smaller number. See Table 1.
Deportations. Nationally, the most common reason that a detainee left ICE detention was that they were deported from the United States. During the most recent 12 month period for which comprehensive data are available, nationwide 56.3 percent of those leaving ICE detention were deported or "voluntarily" departed. By way of comparison, a higher percentage of detainees (81 percent) left the country from the Laredo Processing Center because they were formally deported, or left under the so-called "voluntary departure" procedure.
Were Detained Individuals from the Local Area?
Information on the place of arrest was not included in the available data ICE released. However, we can examine whether the Laredo Processing Center was the first ICE facility in which these detainees were held. According to ICE records, for the majority (72 percent) of these detainees, the Laredo Processing Center was the first place they were sent when they were detained by ICE. The remaining 28 percent had been transferred in from another ICE detention facility.
We can also look at how quickly they arrived at this facility after they were first detained. A total of 73 percent arrived at the Laredo Processing Center at some point during the very first day they were detained by ICE. There was considerable variability among detainees in the number of detention facilities they had been held in before they were finally deported or released from this facility. The number of facilities ranged as high as 6 separate locations for some detainees. These figures again are based on an analysis of the most recent 12 months for which data are available.
For the United States as a whole, last year the average number of ICE facilities detainees moved through was 1.8. Detainees at the Laredo Processing Center on average had stayed at somewhat fewer (1.4) ICE facilities.
Reason Left ICE Facility Profile U.S Profile Number Percent Percent Deported/Removed 1,985 79.8 % 55.3 % Orders of Recognizance or Supervision 180 7.2 % 19.8 % Bonded out 167 6.7 % 11.0 % Proceedings Terminated 71 2.8 % 1.3 % Paroled 31 1.2 % 5.2 % Voluntary departure 28 1.1 % 0.9 % Prosecutorial Discretion 12 0.4 % 1.0 % U.S. Marshal or Other Agency 11 0.4 % 4.5 % Withdrawal 2 0.0 % 0.2 % Alternative ATD custody 0 . 0.1 % Died 0 . 0.0 % Escaped 0 . 0.0 % Release to ORR 0 . 0.1 % Total 2,487 100.0 % 100.0 %
Table 3: Reasons individuals left ICE detention during the last 12 months
Why Did Detainees Leave ICE Detention?
ICE records one of 29 reasons a detainee left ICE detention. As shown in Table 3, these reasons fall into 13 general categories -- from leaving because one is deported or removed, to leaving because one escaped or the individual died while in custody.
Deportation. As mentioned earlier, the most common reason detainees left the Laredo Processing Center was that they were deported. A total of 1,985 individuals (80 percent) were deported or removed from the Laredo Processing Center during the most recent 12 month period for which data are available. (ICE data did not distinguish between deportations and removals, and the terms are used interchangeably in this report.)
Orders. Orders are additional mechanisms that are sometimes used to release a person while their case is pending, or awaiting removal. Under an "order of recognizance" an individual is released with reporting conditions while in deportation proceedings and awaiting a final decision. A second type of order ("order of supervision") releases an individual after a final order of removal. Here an individual is released because ICE has not met the time limits the law imposes for deporting the individual. There were 180 (7 percent) who left the Laredo Processing Center detention for these reasons: 168 with orders of recognizance, and 12 with orders of supervision.
Bonded out. A group of individuals (167 or 7 percent) were also "bonded out." This generally covers situations where the individual posts a bond and is released while awaiting a decision on their deportation (removal) case. The amount of the bond is set by ICE, or by an Immigration Judge. Many individuals are not eligible to be released because their continued detention is considered mandatory under provisions in the immigration laws.
No legitimate grounds to deport. Sometimes individuals left ICE detention because they "won" their case. Typically this occurs when an Immigration Judge orders the deportation proceedings ICE has filed against them "terminated" (dismissed) and the judge's order after any appeals becomes final. Analysis of the latest 12 months of data show that a total of 71 individuals, or 3 percent were released from detention by the Laredo Processing Center because a determination was made that there were no grounds to deport the individuals and thus ICE had to release them from custody.
Parole. ICE also has discretionary authority to "parole" individuals and give them temporary entry into the country, often on humanitarian grounds. Individuals with serious medical conditions, pregnant women, and certain juveniles are among the categories considered. Other categories are individuals who will serve as witnesses in judicial or administrative proceedings, and individuals whose parole is considered by ICE in the "public interest." There were a total of 31 individuals (1 percent) who were paroled from this facility.
Voluntary departure. Under some circumstances, detainees are allowed to take "voluntary departures" or "voluntary returns." As with deportation, under voluntary departure a person must leave the country. However, unlike formal deportation where the individual is barred by law from reentering this country permanently or for a period of years, under voluntary departure and voluntary return the individual is not legally barred from reentry. An additional 28 detainees (1 percent) left the Laredo Processing Center last year as voluntary departures and voluntary returns.
Escape and death. Nationally, there were 65 individuals who escaped ICE detention during the latest 12 month period for which data are available, and 6 individuals were recorded as having died in detention. No one was recorded by the Laredo Processing Center as either escaping or dying last year.
As shown in Table 3, no one was recorded as leaving the Laredo Processing Center during the past 12 months for the following reasons: Alternative ATD custody and Release to ORR. See "Reasons for Leaving ICE Detention" for a description of these categories.
Comparing Release Reasons Against The National Picture
In many respects release reasons for the Laredo Processing Center departed from the national picture. It was the case that a higher proportion left because they were deported from this facility (80 percent) than was true for the U.S. as a whole (55 percent).
In addition, differences were seen for detainees released on orders of recognizance or supervision (7 versus 20 percent), individuals released on bond (7 versus 11 percent), for those paroled (1 versus 5 percent), and those released to the U.S. Marshal or other agency (0 versus 5 percent).
The facility's percentages fell within 3 percentage points of the national figures for all other categories.
Nationalities
Which nationalities predominate? Last year in the United States, individuals from Mexico comprised the largest number of those leaving ICE detention. Some 43.4 percent of all detainees recorded Mexico as their country of origin. The Laredo Processing Center had a much smaller proportion of detainees from Mexico - 15 percent among their exits. Detainees from Mexico were not the largest single nationality group among those leaving detention from the facility.
In descending order, the top nationalities that made up those leaving ICE detention from the Laredo Processing Center last year were: El Salvador (76%) , Mexico (15%), Honduras (3%), Guatemala (3%) and Cuba (1%).
This compared to the United States as a whole where the other top five nationalities after Mexico were Guatemala (19%), El Salvador (15%), Honduras (12%) and Ecuador (1%).
For the frequency for each of the other nationalities among those leaving ICE detention from the Laredo Processing Center last year see Table 4.
Deportations and voluntary departures by nationality. Within the nationalities that made up those listed in Table 4 with more than one individual, the proportion deported or voluntarily departing varied from 0 percent to 94 percent. As mentioned above, this compares with 81 percent for all detainees.
Nationalities Ranked in Top 10 Left ICE Detention Total Deported/
Voluntary
DeparturePercent - ALL 2,487 2,013 80.9 % 1 El Salvador 1,900 1,787 94.0 % 2 Mexico 377 130 34.4 % 3 Honduras 84 45 53.5 % 4 Guatemala 72 45 62.5 % 5 Cuba 14 0 0.0 % 6 Nicaragua 9 2 22.2 % 7 Ecuador 8 0 0.0 % 8 Dominican Republic 3 0 0.0 % 9 Colombia 2 0 0.0 % Panama 2 1 50.0 % Peru 2 0 0.0 %
Table 4: Numbers leaving ICE detention by nationality
during the last 12 months
With the highest rate of 94 percent were detainees from El Salvador where 1,900 individuals were deported or took voluntary departure. More than one country was tied with the lowest rate, where detainees were deported or took voluntary departure.
