Detainees Leaving ICE Detention from the
Johnson County Jail
Cleburne, Texas
Detainees Deported or Released Number last 12 months 538 Out of total detained 2,506 Facility ranking on detainees top 23 %
Table 1: Number leaving ICE detention
from this facilityDuring the most recent 12 month period for which data are available, a total of 538 detainees housed at the Johnson County Jail left that facility because they were deported, were released under supervision while their cases were being decided, or left ICE detention for one of a variety of other reasons. The use of this facility for the temporary housing of federal immigration detainees was arranged through an intergovernmental service agreement (IGSA) under which payments by ICE to another governmental agency are made for housing federal detainees. While the facility is government owned, it is operated by the Community Education Centers that was in the business of providing detention services for housing federal detainees.
Those individuals who departed from this facility because they were leaving ICE detention made up 21 percent of the 2,506 detainees housed at this facility during the last 12 months. This report focuses on the reasons these individuals left ICE detention. Sometimes this report speaks of these individuals as those "exiting" ICE detention, or simply as "exits." The others remained in ICE detention but were transferred from the Johnson County Jail to other facilities.
This report covers those who left ICE custody. It excludes individuals transferred to other ICE facilities. For more information on this facility, including individuals that were transferred, see additional TRAC reports in this series.
This report series is based upon analyses conducted by the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (TRAC) at Syracuse University of 1.7 million government records tracking each individual who passed through an ICE detention facility during fiscal year 2015. This most recent 12 month period for which comprehensive data are available covers October 2014 through September 2015. See About the Data.
How This Facility Ranks Nationally
Rankings on the number leaving ICE detention. The Johnson County Jail was one of 637 facilities nationwide that housed ICE detainees during the most recent 12 month period. Of these 637, there were 358 that had at least 10 individuals who were deported or released. Excluding those facilities with fewer than 10 exits, the Johnson County Jail last year ranked in the top 23 percent nationwide in the number of individuals leaving ICE detention. This means that 23 percent of the locations contributed the same or a larger numbers of exits, while 77 percent had a smaller number. See Table 1.
Deportations. Nationally, the most common reason that a detainee left ICE detention was that they were deported from the United States. During the most recent 12 month period for which comprehensive data are available, nationwide 56.3 percent of those leaving ICE detention were deported or "voluntarily" departed. By way of comparison, a higher percentage of detainees (76 percent) left the country from the Johnson County Jail because they were formally deported, or left under the so-called "voluntary departure" procedure.
Were Detained Individuals from the Local Area?
Information on the place of arrest was not included in the available data ICE released. However, we can examine whether the Johnson County Jail was the first ICE facility in which these detainees were held. According to ICE records, for a few (1 percent) of these detainees, the Johnson County Jail was the first place they were sent when they were detained by ICE. The remaining 99 percent had been transferred in from another ICE detention facility.
We can also look at how quickly they arrived at this facility after they were first detained. A total of 24 percent arrived at the Johnson County Jail at some point during the very first day they were detained by ICE. There was considerable variability among detainees in the number of detention facilities they had been held in before they were finally deported or released from this facility. The number of facilities ranged as high as 5 separate locations for some detainees. These figures again are based on an analysis of the most recent 12 months for which data are available.
For the United States as a whole, last year the average number of ICE facilities detainees moved through was 1.8. Detainees at the Johnson County Jail on average had stayed at somewhat more (2.3) ICE facilities.
Reason Left ICE Facility Profile U.S Profile Number Percent Percent Deported/Removed 396 73.6 % 55.3 % Bonded out 107 19.8 % 11.0 % Voluntary departure 14 2.6 % 0.9 % U.S. Marshal or Other Agency 12 2.2 % 4.5 % Prosecutorial Discretion 6 1.1 % 1.0 % Proceedings Terminated 2 0.3 % 1.3 % Orders of Recognizance or Supervision 1 0.1 % 19.8 % Alternative ATD custody 0 . 0.1 % Died 0 . 0.0 % Escaped 0 . 0.0 % Release to ORR 0 . 0.1 % Paroled 0 . 5.2 % Withdrawal 0 . 0.2 % Total 538 100.0 % 100.0 %
Table 3: Reasons individuals left ICE detention during the last 12 months
Why Did Detainees Leave ICE Detention?
ICE records one of 29 reasons a detainee left ICE detention. As shown in Table 3, these reasons fall into 13 general categories -- from leaving because one is deported or removed, to leaving because one escaped or the individual died while in custody.
Deportation. As mentioned earlier, the most common reason detainees left the Johnson County Jail was that they were deported. A total of 396 individuals (74 percent) were deported or removed from the Johnson County Jail during the most recent 12 month period for which data are available. (ICE data did not distinguish between deportations and removals, and the terms are used interchangeably in this report.)
Bonded out. A group of individuals (107 or 20 percent) were also "bonded out." This generally covers situations where the individual posts a bond and is released while awaiting a decision on their deportation (removal) case. The amount of the bond is set by ICE, or by an Immigration Judge. Many individuals are not eligible to be released because their continued detention is considered mandatory under provisions in the immigration laws.
Voluntary departure. Under some circumstances, detainees are allowed to take "voluntary departures" or "voluntary returns." As with deportation, under voluntary departure a person must leave the country. However, unlike formal deportation where the individual is barred by law from reentering this country permanently or for a period of years, under voluntary departure and voluntary return the individual is not legally barred from reentry. An additional 14 detainees (3 percent) left the Johnson County Jail last year as voluntary departures and voluntary returns.
Transferred to criminal custody. A total of 12 individuals (2 percent) left this facility last year because they were turned over to U.S. Marshals or to some other government agency. This typically occurs because there is an outstanding criminal case against the individual, or the individual is needed as a material witness in a criminal case.
Prosecutorial discretion. The Department of Homeland Security sets immigration enforcement priorities and guidance on the exercise of prosecutorial discretion (PD), including special programs on deferred action for childhood arrivals. To focus its limited resources on higher priority targets, individuals that don't fall into these high priority categories may -- through the exercise of prosecutorial discretion -- be released from custody and any proposed deportation actions deferred. A total of 6 individuals (1 percent) were released under these PD programs.
Escape and death. Nationally, there were 65 individuals who escaped ICE detention during the latest 12 month period for which data are available, and 6 individuals were recorded as having died in detention. No one was recorded by the Johnson County Jail as either escaping or dying last year.
As shown in Table 3, no one was recorded as leaving the Johnson County Jail during the past 12 months for the following reasons: Alternative ATD custody, Release to ORR, Paroled and Withdrawal. See "Reasons for Leaving ICE Detention" for a description of these categories.
Comparing Release Reasons Against The National Picture
In many respects release reasons for the Johnson County Jail departed from the national picture. It was the case that a higher proportion left because they were deported from this facility (74 percent) than was true for the U.S. as a whole (55 percent).
In addition, differences were seen for individuals released on bond (20 versus 11 percent), detainees released on orders of recognizance or supervision (0 versus 20 percent), and for those paroled (none versus 5 percent).
The facility's percentages fell within 3 percentage points of the national figures for all other categories.
Nationalities
Which nationalities predominate? Last year in the United States, individuals from Mexico comprised the largest number of those leaving ICE detention. Some 43.4 percent of all detainees recorded Mexico as their country of origin. The Johnson County Jail had a much smaller proportion of detainees from Mexico - 27 percent among their exits. Detainees from Mexico were not the largest single nationality group among those leaving detention from the facility.
In descending order, the top nationalities that made up those leaving ICE detention from the Johnson County Jail last year were: El Salvador (64%) , Mexico (27%), Honduras (3%), Guatemala (2%) and Jordan (1%).
This compared to the United States as a whole where the other top five nationalities after Mexico were Guatemala (19%), El Salvador (15%), Honduras (12%) and Ecuador (1%).
For the frequency for each of the other nationalities among those leaving ICE detention from the Johnson County Jail last year see Table 4.
Deportations and voluntary departures by nationality. Within the nationalities that made up those listed in Table 4 with more than one individual, the proportion deported or voluntarily departing varied from 0 percent to 95 percent. As mentioned above, this compares with 76 percent for all detainees.
Nationalities Ranked in Top 10 Left ICE Detention Total Deported/
Voluntary
DeparturePercent - ALL 538 410 76.2 % 1 El Salvador 347 331 95.3 % 2 Mexico 143 65 45.4 % 3 Honduras 17 8 47.0 % 4 Guatemala 11 6 54.5 % 5 Jordan 4 0 0.0 % 6 Ecuador 2 0 0.0 % Kenya 2 0 0.0 % 8 Brazil 1 0 0.0 % Dominican Republic 1 0 0.0 % Egypt 1 0 0.0 % Ethiopia 1 0 0.0 % Nepal 1 0 0.0 % Pakistan 1 0 0.0 % Romania 1 0 0.0 % Saudi Arabia 1 0 0.0 % South Africa 1 0 0.0 % Turkey 1 0 0.0 % United Kingdom 1 0 0.0 % Uruguay 1 0 0.0 %
Table 4: Numbers leaving ICE detention by nationality
during the last 12 months
With the highest rate of 95 percent were detainees from El Salvador where 347 individuals were deported or took voluntary departure. More than one country was tied with the lowest rate, where detainees were deported or took voluntary departure.
