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CITE

    18 USC Sec. 32                                              01/05/2009

EXPCITE

    TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
    PART I - CRIMES
    CHAPTER 2 - AIRCRAFT AND MOTOR VEHICLES

HEAD

    Sec. 32. Destruction of aircraft or aircraft facilities

STATUTE

      (a) Whoever willfully -
        (1) sets fire to, damages, destroys, disables, or wrecks any
      aircraft in the special aircraft jurisdiction of the United
      States or any civil aircraft used, operated, or employed in
      interstate, overseas, or foreign air commerce;
        (2) places or causes to be placed a destructive device or
      substance in, upon, or in proximity to, or otherwise makes or
      causes to be made unworkable or unusable or hazardous to work or
      use, any such aircraft, or any part or other materials used or
      intended to be used in connection with the operation of such
      aircraft, if such placing or causing to be placed or such making
      or causing to be made is likely to endanger the safety of any
      such aircraft;
        (3) sets fire to, damages, destroys, or disables any air
      navigation facility, or interferes by force or violence with the
      operation of such facility, if such fire, damaging, destroying,
      disabling, or interfering is likely to endanger the safety of any
      such aircraft in flight;
        (4) with the intent to damage, destroy, or disable any such
      aircraft, sets fire to, damages, destroys, or disables or places
      a destructive device or substance in, upon, or in proximity to,
      any appliance or structure, ramp, landing area, property,
      machine, or apparatus, or any facility or other material used, or
      intended to be used, in connection with the operation,
      maintenance, loading, unloading or storage of any such aircraft
      or any cargo carried or intended to be carried on any such
      aircraft;
        (5) interferes with or disables, with intent to endanger the
      safety of any person or with a reckless disregard for the safety
      of human life, anyone engaged in the authorized operation of such
      aircraft or any air navigation facility aiding in the navigation
      of any such aircraft;
        (6) performs an act of violence against or incapacitates any
      individual on any such aircraft, if such act of violence or
      incapacitation is likely to endanger the safety of such aircraft;
        (7) communicates information, knowing the information to be
      false and under circumstances in which such information may
      reasonably be believed, thereby endangering the safety of any
      such aircraft in flight; or
        (8) attempts or conspires to do anything prohibited under
      paragraphs (1) through (7) of this subsection;
    shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than twenty
    years or both.
      (b) Whoever willfully -
        (1) performs an act of violence against any individual on board
      any civil aircraft registered in a country other than the United
      States while such aircraft is in flight, if such act is likely to
      endanger the safety of that aircraft;
        (2) destroys a civil aircraft registered in a country other
      than the United States while such aircraft is in service or
      causes damage to such an aircraft which renders that aircraft
      incapable of flight or which is likely to endanger that
      aircraft's safety in flight;
        (3) places or causes to be placed on a civil aircraft
      registered in a country other than the United States while such
      aircraft is in service, a device or substance which is likely to
      destroy that aircraft, or to cause damage to that aircraft which
      renders that aircraft incapable of flight or which is likely to
      endanger that aircraft's safety in flight; or
        (4) attempts or conspires to commit an offense described in
      paragraphs (1) through (3) of this subsection;
    shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than twenty
    years, or both. There is jurisdiction over an offense under this
    subsection if a national of the United States was on board, or
    would have been on board, the aircraft; an offender is a national
    of the United States; or an offender is afterwards found in the
    United States. For purposes of this subsection, the term "national
    of the United States" has the meaning prescribed in section
    101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act.
      (c) Whoever willfully imparts or conveys any threat to do an act
    which would violate any of paragraphs (1) through (6) of subsection
    (a) or any of paragraphs (1) through (3) of subsection (b) of this
    section, with an apparent determination and will to carry the
    threat into execution shall be fined under this title or imprisoned
    not more than five years, or both.

SOURCE

    (Added July 14, 1956, ch. 595, Sec. 1, 70 Stat. 539; amended Pub.
    L. 98-473, title II, Sec. 2013(b), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2187;
    Pub. L. 100-690, title VII, Sec. 7016, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat.
    4395; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(O), (S), Sept.
    13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2148; Pub. L. 104-132, title VII, Secs. 721(b),
    723(a)(1), Apr. 24, 1996, 110 Stat. 1298, 1300; Pub. L. 109-177,
    title I, Sec. 123, Mar. 9, 2006, 120 Stat. 226.)

REFERENCES IN TEXT

      Section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act,
    referred to in subsec. (b), is classified to section 1101(a)(22) of
    Title 8, Aliens and Nationality.

AMENDMENTS

      2006 - Subsec. (a)(5) to (7). Pub. L. 109-177, Sec. 123(1), (2),
    added par. (5) and redesignated former pars. (5) and (6) as (6) and
    (7), respectively. Former par. (7) redesignated (8).
      Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 109-177, Sec. 123(1), (3), redesignated
    par. (7) as (8) and substituted "paragraphs (1) through (7)" for
    "paragraphs (1) through (6)".
      Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 109-177, Sec. 123(4), substituted
    "paragraphs (1) through (6)" for "paragraphs (1) through (5)".
      1996 - Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 104-132, Sec. 723(a)(1), inserted
    "or conspires" after "attempts".
      Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104-132, Sec. 721(b), in closing provisions,
    struck out ", if the offender is later found in the United States,"
    before "be fined under this title" and inserted at end "There is
    jurisdiction over an offense under this subsection if a national of
    the United States was on board, or would have been on board, the
    aircraft; an offender is a national of the United States; or an
    offender is afterwards found in the United States. For purposes of
    this subsection, the term 'national of the United States' has the
    meaning prescribed in section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and
    Nationality Act."
      Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 104-132, Sec. 723(a)(1), inserted "or
    conspires" after "attempts".
      1994 - Subsecs. (a), (b). Pub. L. 103-322, Sec. 330016(1)(S),
    substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than
    $100,000" in concluding provisions.
      Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103-322, Sec. 330016(1)(O), substituted
    "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $25,000".
      1988 - Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 100-690 substituted "interfering"
    for "intefering".
      1984 - Pub. L. 98-473 amended section generally. Prior to
    amendment section read as follows:
      "Whoever willfully sets fire to, damages, destroys, disables, or
    wrecks any civil aircraft used, operated, or employed in
    interstate, overseas, or foreign air commerce; or
      "Whoever willfully sets fire to, damages, destroys, disables, or
    wrecks any aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, or spare part
    with intent to damage, destroy, disable, or wreck any such
    aircraft; or
      "Whoever, with like intent, willfully places or causes to be
    placed any destructive substance in, upon, or in proximity to any
    such aircraft, or any aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, spare
    part, fuel, lubricant, hydraulic fluid, or other material used or
    intended to be used in connection with the operation of any such
    aircraft, or any cargo carried or intended to be carried on any
    such aircraft, or otherwise makes or causes to be made any such
    aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, spare part, fuel,
    lubricant, hydraulic fluid, or other material unworkable or
    unusable or hazardous to work or use; or
      "Whoever, with like intent, willfully sets fire to, damages,
    destroys, disables, or wrecks, or places or causes to be placed any
    destructive substance in, upon, or in proximity to any shop,
    supply, structure, station, depot, terminal, hangar, ramp, landing
    area, air-navigation facility or other facility, warehouse,
    property, machine, or apparatus used or intended to be used in
    connection with the operation, loading, or unloading of any such
    aircraft or making any such aircraft ready for flight, or otherwise
    makes or causes to be made any such shop, supply, structure,
    station, depot, terminal, hangar, ramp, landing area, air-
    navigation facility or other facility, warehouse, property,
    machine, or apparatus unworkable or unusable or hazardous to work
    or use; or
      "Whoever, with like intent, willfully incapacitates any member of
    the crew of any such aircraft; or
      "Whoever willfully attempts to do any of the aforesaid acts or
    things -
      "shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than
      twenty years, or both."
                     EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1984 AMENDMENT
      Amendment by Pub. L. 98-473 effective Oct. 12, 1984, see section
    2015 of Pub. L. 98-473, set out as a note under section 31 of this
    title.